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Global Warming Prevention
Help Keep Antarctica Cool
Help Reduce the effects of Global Warming
on Antarctica
You'll
find plenty of lists of how to "save the world" in easy steps, and a
lot of them are fiddly little things that it's a problem to remember and
sometimes a pain to do. There's also the fact that some make a huge difference,
others, while terribly worthy may be wiped out by that light-bulb you forgot
to turn off last night.I thought I'd make it
easier and in particular focus on the biggies - that make the largest difference,
if you want to re-use supermarket bags as well even better, but if you don't
do those listed here, you're not really making much of an effort.
It comes down to reducing the amount of greenhouse gases
you are personally responsible for releasing. Some are obvious, drive a
car - carbon dioxide (CO2) comes out of the exhaust, some are
less obvious, buying just one new shirt instead of two that you don't really
need for instance saves on CO2 emissions in its production and
transport.
So here goes, roughly in some kind of order.
Switch your brain on, take an interest
in the world, it's an ecosystem that you're part of - not on the outside
of. While technology may provide cushions and barriers, when Mother Nature
turns her mighty wheels, nothing, but nothing is going to stop them. Sticking
your head in the sand may be temporarily comforting, but ultimately disastrous
as a survival technique.
I can't remember where I first heard this, so can't attribute
the quote properly, I've changed it a bit but it's relevant here.
There are three kinds of
people in the world:
1/ Those who understand the world and decide what's
to be done, when, where and by whom.
2/ Those who understand the world and while they don't want to
be part of group 1 - are vital to make sure that those in group 1 do
the right things and for the right reasons.
3/ Those who really just don't what's going on at all, let alone
why it's happening.
Make sure you're in 1 or 2 and definitely not group 3.
Isn't
that a bit militant? Well maybe it is Mr. Airline-Industry-Dependent-Guy,
but flying is the one usually unnecessary
thing we do that can have the biggest immediate effect on greenhouse gas
emissions (CO2). Long-haul flights are the worst as they have
to carry extra fuel that in the early part of the journey that is needed
to burn to carry the extra fuel that is needed in the later parts of the
journey - short-haul flights don't need to do that to the same extent.
So how bad is it?
A single long-haul return flight, say from the UK to Australia,
South America or the Far East can release about as much CO2 as
driving 15,000 miles in a fairly standard 1.6L car on your own (and yes
that is per person, you don't divide it by all the people on the plane).
The average annual mileage by a motorist in the UK is about 10,000, so one
long-haul airline round trip is the same as 18 months of normal motoring
- and wipes out an awful lot of eco-friendly bike-riding in a single stroke.
All of these thing produce about the same amount of
CO2
 | 15,000 miles (18 months worth) of motoring in an
average size standard car |
 | 1 return long-haul flight e.g. UK to Australia, South
America or the Far East |
 | 3 return medium-haul flights e.g. UK to
East Coast America, Africa or India |
 | 6 return short-haul flights e.g. UK
to Europe
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Good for me
 | Discover all those not-so-far-away places
you always meant to go to, but never got around to
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 | The realization that vacation is a state
of mind as much as a matter of geography
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 | Save money and time on long haul trips,
not to mention avoiding jet lag while you're supposed to
be enjoying your holiday |
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Good for the environment
 | Lots and lots less carbon dioxide released
into the atmosphere
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 | Less fossil fuel usage - means it will
ultimately last longer
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 | Less other pollutants released by the
aircraft too |
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| 3 / Dump the SUV or Pickup - Get a More Economical
(and better) Car |
(Swallows
diplomacy pill) You can probably reduce your CO2 emissions
by at least a third by getting a far more fuel efficient vehicle.
An MPV will do pretty much the same job as an SUV for this saving
in fuel and emissions while giving a similar internal space, though
maybe not being so good at mounting a machine-gun on the back and
taking part in a limited regional armed conflict or hauling a whole
winter's worth of lumber from the back-woods - hands up who needs
to do those things?Relative CO2
emissions (approximate guide):
| Supermini diesel 1.4-1.6 2009 models |
0.54 |
| Hybrid*
e.g. Toyota Prius |
0.61 |
| Supermini 1.2L or smaller |
0.70 |
| Supermini 1.2 - 1.6L |
0.88 |
| Family car 1.8L
engine or smaller |
1 |
| MPV 1.8L engine or smaller |
1.05 |
| Family car larger than 1.8L |
1.14 |
| MPV car larger than 1.8L |
1.2 |
| Coupe between 1.9 and 3L |
1.26 |
| Executive car 2.5L or less |
1.37 |
| Executive car larger than 2.5L |
1.6 |
| SUV 3L or smaller |
1.7 |
| SUV larger than 3L |
1.94 |
* Note
- while the Toyota Prius is the first commercially available
hybrid and least polluting production car currently available,
there are an increasing number of small engined petrol
and diesel models that are close to the Prius's emission levels
or even better.
Also - hybrid doesn't always
mean low emissions, Lexus have recently produced hybrid SUV's
with 3.3 and 3.5L engines that have emission levels far above
many standard family petrol and diesel models.
(Spits
diplomacy pill out) No-one really needs to drive around in something
the size of a school bus, safety considerations are negated
by the increased tendency of SUVs to overturn in accidents as
they're top-heavy, they are also more dangerous to pedestrians.
So help the planet, the Poles and get a better car that can
go round corners too and is far more fun to drive.
(It's a little known fact that
other cars regard SUV's and pickups as dorky idiot cousins that
it's an embarrassment to share genes with - ask any Alfa Romeo
or Mini of your acquaintance.)
Car Fuel Data Site (UK) -
get the environmental data on all current cars
here
Good for me
 | Spend a lot less cash on
travelling costs without going anywhere less
often or doing it any slower by taking less
metal with you when you go |
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Good for the environment
 | Lots and lots less carbon
dioxide released into the atmosphere
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 | Less fossil fuel usage -
means it will ultimately last longer
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 | Less other pollutants released
by the car too |
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4/ Get More Efficient Refrigeration
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In
most homes, the single most energy-hungry appliance
over the year is the refrigerator. Buy the most
energy efficient model you can - it will be cheaper
in the long run. Less efficient models are usually
less expensive to buy, though the initial cost price
difference is getting slimmer compared to the most
effective machines. The extra running cost of electricity
of cheaper models easily wipes out
the initial cost-saving.
If you have an
extra freezer, then get a chest freezer rather than
an upright - they are significantly more efficient.
Open the door of an upright freezer and all the
heavy cold air falls out (hot air rises, so cold
air falls) to be replaced with warmer air which
needs refrigerating again when you shut the door.
Chest freezers retain their cold air when the lid
is opened and they also usually have better insulation
than an upright - a much more effective choice in
every way - especially for somewhere other than
in the kitchen.
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Good for me
 | Spend a lot less cash on
your electricity bill for no loss of refrigeration
convenience or efficiency - what's to lose! |
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Good for the environment
 | Lots and lots less carbon
dioxide released into the atmosphere |
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5/ Reduce Space Heating Requirements
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Despite
what it sounds like, this is about heating the spaces that we
live and work in and not on heating outer space.
The second largest energy user
is frequently the heating of a living or working environment.
The scope for reducing energy usage is less so than refrigeration,
but still considerable.
Ways to do this:
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 | Insulate roofs, ceilings, walls, windows
and floors, you may be able to get a grant to help you
do this, ask at your local council, government office or
library. |
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 | Use curtains on windows to keep the
heat in and shelves above radiators (about 2"/5cm above)
to deflect heat outwards rather than up under curtains where
radiators are so frequently placed and the heat lost in
heating the window. |
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Turn the thermostat down
by 1 degree - 2 is even better! 1 degree Centigrade
will save around 10% of the energy needed and you probably
won't notice so much - if you're cold, put something on.
If you're cold and don't put something on it'll help you
lose weight as you generate heat from within by burning
up food instead!
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 | Keep doors and windows closed
as far as possible. |
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 | Don't heat little used parts of the
house / workplace. Rarely or unused spare or guest rooms
for instance can have their heaters turned off and doors
closed when not in use. |
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Good for me
 | Spend a lot less cash on your power
bills for no loss of heating convenience or efficiency
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 | A more equable temperature year-round
as the inside of your home reacts less quickly to external
changes than it does now
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 | Less noise/dryness/heating problems
and maintenance costs as your system doesn't have to
work as hard any more |
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Good for the environment
 | Lots and lots less carbon dioxide
released into the atmosphere |
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6/ Reduce Water Heating Requirements
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One
of the easiest ways of doing this is to take showers and not
baths, though it is possible to use an awful lot of energy
in the shower too. Power Showers are the worst culprits, normal
showers are fine for getting you clean. Also, don't spend so
long in the shower.
In Antarctica a shower longer
than 2 minutes is known as a "Hollywood Shower" - extravagant
and unnecessary (though in Antarctica it's usually due to a
lack of freshwater in liquid form).
More efficient washing machines
and dishwashers can have a large effect here too, so consider
paying a little extra at purchase time to save an awful lot
more in energy cost through the lifetime of the appliance.
Good for me
 | Spend a lot less cash on
your power bills for no loss of heating convenience
or efficiency |
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Good for the environment
 | Lots and lots less carbon
dioxide released into the atmosphere |
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7/ Get More Effective Lighting
and Use it Less
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We're
all aware of energy efficient light-bulbs - effectively
short coiled fluorescent tubes that use a fraction of the energy
of an ordinary light bulb and last far longer too. They've come
down in price a lot in recent years, and though they are still
a premium-priced product compared to old-fashioned energy-inefficient
bulbs, they are considerably cheaper over the life of the
bulb - so why aren't you using more of them, if you already
know this?
Maybe it's too obvious to say,
but turn lights off where they are not needed, the same goes
for all those appliances you leave on stand-by.
BTW - exactly when and why did
"off" start to get replaced by "stand-by"?
Good for me
 | Spend a lot less cash on
your power bills for no loss of lighting convenience
or efficiency
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 | Replace light bulbs less
frequently as they last longer and go out far
less often |
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Good for the environment
 | Lots and lots less carbon
dioxide released into the atmosphere |
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8/ Drink tap water - the great
bottled water swindle
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In
the vast majority of the 1st world our tap water is more than clean
enough to drink, but somehow we started to fall for marketing messages
that tell us to go out and buy drinking water in bottles instead of
just getting it from the tap.
Get it from the tap and you will prevent
the huge amount of fossil fuels consumed in transporting bottles of
water to and from the supermarket, millions of tonnes of water unnecessarily
transported over millions of road-miles. You will also help to avoid
all those billions of one-trip plastic bottles needed.
If you want your tap water to be even
cleaner, you can get a filter jug, or for greater convenience a water
filter under the sink so it comes straight out of the tap super-filtered.
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9/ Buy organic food - even
grow it yourself
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Organic
food is food that is grown without man-made chemicals such as pesticides
and fertilisers. It also means no human waste, or sewage sludge,
has been used on the fields and that no ionizing radiation or food additives
were used in their production. Organic meat has been reared without
the routine use of antibiotics and without using growth hormones.
Organic food doesn't need to be bought
from the supermarket and is much more widely available than imagined.
"Vegetable box" schemes are popular ways of getting organic food whereby
you buy a box of veg that is delivered once a week or so of whatever
veg is in season.
Organic food often has a price premium
over non-organic, which is more reason to grow it yourself if you have
the space. I don't see the point of struggling against the slugs and
weather to get a crop of lettuce that I can't possibly eat quick enough
at the time when they are almost giving them away in the shops. Instead
you could try lollo rosso, rocket and especially those cut-and-come-again
salads and tomatoes which are never as great as directly from plant
to plate in a few minutes.
Other ideal vegetables to grow are beans
which are easy and don't travel
well so the ones in the shops are never as good or as fresh as home
grown. Broad beans are good as are French beans and very easy too. French
beans don't need all the long canes that runner beans need, but wait
until early May before sowing them outdoors. They can be started off
earlier if you like in 3" pots in an unheated greenhouse.
I also go for spinach
because I like it in salad better than any other leaf (apart from watercress,
but I don't have the appropriate flowing watercourse).
Good for me
 | Food that is not contaminated by
any chemicals you'd probably rather it didn't have
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 | Tastes better, though this is usually
more a case of the varieties used than being organic
itself. In reality it often works out more tasty as
only the best varieties of plant and animal are grown
in an organic manner
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 | Growing your own:
 | The absolute freshest fruit and
veg |
 | Much cheaper than buying it |
 | Satisfaction in your gardening
prowess |
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Good for the environment
 | Less chemicals out there, which has
a direct effect reducing the amount in circulation
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 | Also very biodiversity-friendly as
there are no "blunderbuss chemicals" that kill everything
in their path and not just the pests
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 | Growing your own:
 | No transport costs at all |
 | Less demands on land elsewhere |
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10/ Ready meals / TV dinners
- don't do it!
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Our
busy lifestyles mean that we have been sold the idea that
we have no time to properly cook or prepare food anymore.
We arrive home late, exhausted and unable to do anything
other than take a packet of something exotic sounding from
the refrigerator - barely able to press the microwave start
button before slumping semi-lifeless in front of the idiot-lantern.
OK - 'fess-up time, does
that really apply to you, or is it more like a case of can't
be bothered? Even if you don't have much time, it doesn't
take long to cook proper food and it doesn't need to be
exotic.
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Why are ready-meals not so good?
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Lots and lots of packaging
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Often twice cooked, energy inefficient
and extra cooking removes flavour
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May contain additives you could do
without
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Frozen meals require extra resources
to keep them frozen in transport and storage
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Do you really like them? Go on be
honest - they're not that nice really are they?
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What's the alternative? -
This is for the unconverted, if you already cook
from scratch (or thereabouts) you're already there.
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Quality ingredients simply cooked
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Roasting a chicken for example will
take you about 15mins effort, it will take the chicken a couple
of hours or less, but that's your own time. You don't need the full
roasted accoutrements, lots of other simple things you can do with
it instead.
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We are whitewashed in particular
by TV chef's talk of complex and subtle combinations of flavour,
there is no more complex flavour than a fresh piece of fruit, veg
or meat on its own. Remember to get quality ingredients. Many ready
meal sauces are not only needlessly complex, but have flavourings
that are needed to compensate for the less good ingredients and
the fact that it's sat around for who knows how long waiting to
be cooked - and why do any carbonara-types always repeat on you
for hours afterwards?
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Good for me
 | Tastes better, food that is in better
condition and has less preservatives
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 | Probably healthier as you know exactly
what has gone into what you are eating |
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Good for the environment
 | Less energy used in preparation as
the food is cooked once, not twice
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 | Much less packaging, ready meals
are one of the most over-packaged goods in the supermarket
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 | Less energy used in transport, prepared
food in all that packaging that is largely air take
up far more space meaning more lorries to ferry them
about |
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It's
becoming easier and easier to do this as recycling facilities become
more widespread reducing the need to throw things away to landfill.
Garden refuse that is too large for you
to handle into the compost bin if you must, but it's better to
make and use your own compost
Other stuff you should be recycling
at the minimum:
Many can be disposed off at a nearby out of town (or maybe even
in town) car park.
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Aluminium cans
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Glass bottles
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Newspapers
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Unwanted reasonable quality clothing
and other goods to charity shops such as Oxfam / Cancer Research
etc.
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12/
Business Can Help Too
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For some reason I don't entirely understand,
all of the above often goes instantly out of the window when business
is concerned. Here's a few obvious ways that business can help VERY
considerably:
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Climate Change:
Global Warming |
GW Antarctica | Misconceptions |
Carbon sinks | Carbon
cycle | Prevention |
Carbon Offsetting |
Tree Planting
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